
Forward a result before it reaches the register file
Select the newest available producer for each operand, trace two writes to the same register, and distinguish forwarding from waiting for an unavailable result.
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Select the newest available producer for each operand, trace two writes to the same register, and distinguish forwarding from waiting for an unavailable result.

Trace six independent instructions through a declared five-stage pipeline, calculate fill and drain overhead, and distinguish bubbles from global stalls.